Source Apportionment of Ambient Aerosols during a Winter Pollution Episode in Yinchuan by Using Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry

For a winter pollution episode in Yinchuan, city Northwestern China, ambient aerosols were characterized using real-time single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS). More than 160,000 individual particles analyzed with the SPAMS classified into eight major categories on basis of their spectral patterns: traffic emissions, biomass burning, dust, coal industrial secondary inorganic, cooking, and others, all which contribute to fine particles. The results revealed that burning (29.6%) emissions (23.4%) main sources during monitoring period. Industrial inorganic accounted for 16.6% 14.0%, respectively. data indicated number concentration types was markedly different cases, higher concentrations discovered more often episodes. three cases mainly caused by accumulation particles, from increased conversion.